SQL Data Types

graph LR
    A{SQL Data Types}
    A-->B(Numeric)
    A-->C(Date/Time)
    A-->D(Character/String)
    A-->E(Unicode Character/String)
    A-->F(Binary)
    A-->G(Miscellaneous)
    A-->H(Boolean)
    B-->B1[bit, tinyint, smallint, int,<br/>bigint, decimal, numeric, float, real]
    C-->C1[Date, Time, Datetime, Timestamp, Year]
    D-->D1["Char, Varchar, Varchar(max), Text"]
    E-->E1["NChar, NVarchar, NVarchar(max), NText"]
    F-->F1["Binary, Varbinary, Varbinary(max), image"]
    G-->G1[Clob, Blob, XML, JSON]

SQL Numeric Data Types

Data Type	From	To
bit	0	1
tinyint	0	255
smallint	-32,768	32,767
int	-2,147,483,648	-2,147,483,647
bigint	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808	9,223,372,036,854,775,807
decimal	-10^38+1	10^38-1
numeric	-10^38+1	10^38-1
float	-1.79E + 308	1.79E + 308
real	-3.40E + 38	3.40E + 38

SQL Date and Time Data Types

Data Type	Description
DATE	Stores date in the format YYYY-MM-DD
TIME	Stores time in the format HH:MI:SS
DATETIME	Stores date and time information in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
TIMESTAMP	Stores number of seconds passed since the Unix epoch (‘1971-01-01 00:00:00’ UTC)
YEAR	Stores year in 2 digit or 4 digit format. Range 1901 to 2155 in 4-digit format. Range 70 to 69, representing 1970 to 2069.

SQL Character and String Data Types

• 데이터 타입 및 길이는 데이터베이스마다 조금씩 다르므로 사용 시 각각 확인 필요

Data Type	Description
CHAR	Fixed length with maximum length of 8,000 characters
VARCHAR	Variable length storage with maximum length of 8,000 characters
VARCHAR(max)	Variable length storage with provided max characters, not supported in MySQL
TEXT	Variable length storage with maximum size of 2GB data

SQL Unicode Character and String Data Types

Data Type	Description
NCHAR	Fixed length with maximum length of 4,000 characters
NVARCHAR	Variable length storage with maximum length of 4,000 characters
NVARCHAR(max)	Variable length storage with provided max characters
NTEXT	Variable length storage with maximum size of 1GB data

REF
패스트캠퍼스 - 데이터 엔지니어 강의 / 한승수 강사
SQL Data Types